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Noggin binds to and antagonizes bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) ligands of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) family. Noggin supports maintenance of undifferentiated human embryonic stem cells cultured in mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF)-conditioned medium (Chaturvedi et al.), and promotes dopaminergic differentiation of embryonic stem cells and subsequent survival of dopamine neurons (Chiba et al.). Noggin is essential for development of ectodermal structures including neural tube, tooth, hair follicle, and eye, as well as patterning of mesodermal somites and skeletal structures. It also influences chondrogenesis, osteogenesis, and joint formation (Krause et al.).
Subtype
Cytokines
Cell Type
Neural Stem and Progenitor Cells, Neurons, Pluripotent Stem Cells
(A) The biological activity of Mouse Recombinant Noggin was tested by its ability to inhibit BMP-4 induced alkaline phosphatase production of ATDC-5 cells. Inhibitition of BMP-4 induced alkaline phosphatase production was measured using a fluorometric assay method. The EC50 is defined as the effective concentration of the growth factor at which inhibition of alkaline phosphatase production is at 50% of maximum. The EC50 in the above example is 8.7 ng/mL (B) 2 μg of Mouse Recombinant Noggin was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (+) and non-reducing (-) conditions and visualized by Coomassie Blue staining. Mouse Recombinant Noggin has a predicted molecular mass of 23.8 kDa.